CAFC雖然不需要對這個狀況負責,但此一迷思的信徒往往引用CAFC於Verizon Service. Corp. v. Vonage Holdings Corp. 一案中見解的一部分「當專利由此描述了『本發明』的 (複數個) 特徵如同一整體時,該描述限制了本發明的範圍」("When a patent thus describes the features of the ‘present invention’ as a whole, this description limits the scope of the invention.")[1]。如果單就這句話的「標點符號」,「本發明」看起來似乎就是罪魁禍首了。但,如果你是一位思維清晰、善於辯證的專利撰稿人,必然會懷疑「本發明」或「發明」有何許原罪,能令CAFC的法官給予其如此的差別待遇?
Since a new trial is necessary on the issue of infringement with respect to the ′880 patent, we believe it appropriate to interpret other claim terms that are disputed by the parties on appeal and are likely to be at issue in the new trial. Vonage challenges the district court's construction of the term “localized wireless gateway system” of asserted claims 1 and 6-8 of the ′880 patent (the same term pertinent to the “few feet” limitation) on the ground that the district court erred in failing to require that the patented gateway system “compress /decompress and packetize voice signals.” Appellants' Bf. at 26, n. 7. We agree. The “Disclosure of the Invention” section of the ′880 patent begins with a description of the gateway system of the “present invention.” ′880 patent col.4 ll.1-6. In the course of describing the “present invention,” the specification then states that “the gateway compresses and decompresses voice frequency communication signals and sends and receives the compressed signals in packet form via the network.” Id. ll.12-15. When a patent thus describes the features of the “present invention” as a whole, this description limits the scope of the invention. Honeywell Int'l, Inc. v. ITT Indus., 452 F.3d 1312, 1318-19 (Fed.Cir.2006); SciMed Life Sys., Inc. v. Advanced Cardiovascular Sys., Inc., 242 F.3d 1337, 1343 (Fed.Cir.2001) (“The characterization of the coaxial configuration as part of the ‘present invention’ is strong evidence that the claims should not be read to encompass the opposite structure.”); see also Andersen Corp. v. Fiber Composites, LLC, 474 F.3d 1361, 1368 (Fed.Cir.2007) (specification's description of a “critical element” found limiting). Thus the term “localized wireless gateway system” must be limited to one performing compression and packetization functions at the gateway.
在Since a new trial is necessary ... in the new trial. 這段,CAFC陳述會進行claim construction,而且會包含兩造有所爭議的其他請求項。
自The “Disclosure of the Invention”起,至via the network.”止,說明了'880專利的「Disclosure of the Invention」(發明揭露內容) 段落始於對「present invention」(本發明) 的閘道系統的描述,在描述「本發明」的過程中,說明書描述了閘道對語音通信信號進行壓縮和解壓縮,並通過網絡以分組形式發送和接收壓縮信號。
然後就是經典名句,「當專利由此描述了『本發明』的 (複數個) 特徵如同一整體時,該描述限制了本發明的範圍」。緊接著CAFC引用SciMed Life Sys., Inc. v. Advanced Cardiovascular Sys., Inc.[2]一案的見解「同軸配置作為『本發明』一部分的特徵,即為不應該將請求項理解為包含相反的結構有力的證據」(“The characterization of the coaxial configuration as part of the ‘present invention’ is strong evidence that the claims should not be read to encompass the opposite structure.”),隱含了「對一特徵具重要性的限縮條件,在claim construction時必須依循該限縮條件」之意,並最終做出以下結論,「localized wireless gateway system」(本地化無線閘道系統) 應以執行「compression and packetization」(壓縮和形成封包) 之閘道為限縮條件。
Verizon Service Corp. v. Vonage Holdings Corp., 503 F.3d 1295, 1308 (Fed. Cir. 2007)
SciMed Life Sys., Inc. v. Advanced Cardiovascular Sys., Inc., 242 F.3d 1337, 1343 (Fed.Cir.2001)
Absolute Software, Inv. v. Stealth Signal, Inc., 659 F. 3d 1121, 1136-1137 (Fed. Cir. 2011)
It is true that, in some circumstances, a patentee’s consistent reference to a certain limitation or a preferred embodiment as “this invention” or the “present invention” can serve to limit the scope of the entire invention, particularly where no other intrinsic evidence suggests otherwise.
On the other hand, we have found that use of the phrase “present invention” or “this invention” is not always so limiting, such as where the references to a certain limitation as being the “invention” are not uniform, or where other portions of the intrinsic evidence do not support applying the limitation to the entire patent.
Voda v. Cordis Corp., 536 F.3d 1311, 1320-22 (Fed. Cir. 2008)
although parts of the specification referred to a certain embodiment as the “present invention,” the specification did not uniformly refer to the invention as being so limited, and the prosecution history did not reveal such a limitation