在2014年美國聯邦最高法院對Alice案作出判決後,軟體類型的專利不管在申請或是訴訟上,幾乎都被打了回票,被判定為適格的案件用一隻手就能數得出來,其中2016年6月美國聯邦巡迴上訴法院判決的案件BASCOM GLOBAL INTERNET SERVICES, INC., v. AT&T MOBILITY LLC, AT&T CORP.[1](以下稱BASCOM案),僅是第三個成功通過Alice test的軟體專利案,前二個適格的案例是DDR案[2]與Enfish案[3]。
「1. A content filtering system for filtering content retrieved from an Internet computer network by individual controlled access network accounts, said filtering system comprising:
a local client computer generating network access requests for said individual controlled access network accounts;
at least one filtering scheme;
a plurality of sets of logical filtering elements; and
a remote ISP server coupled to said client computer and said Internet computer network, said ISP server associating each said network account to at least one filtering scheme and at least one set of filtering elements, said ISP server further receiving said network access requests from said client computer and executing said associated filtering scheme utilizing said associated set of logical filtering elements.」
我們再回頭看一次地院判決與聯邦法院判決的差異,地院對於總和考慮限制條件的意見是「“filtering software, apparently composed of filtering schemes and filtering elements, was well-known in the prior art” and “using ISP servers to filter content was well-known to practitioners.”」,參照'606專利的圖1可知地院在總和考量時過於粗略,只把filtering scheme (121)、filtering element (120)以及ISP server (100)這些元件兜在一起就認為是「generic computer components to perform generic computer functions that are well-understood, routine and conventional activities」,未考慮實施方式的細節。
圖1. BASCOM 的‘606 專利
但能讓聯邦法院法官撤銷原判的關鍵在於系爭專利中對於技術方案的交代,以Claim 1為例,末段技術特徵「said ISP server associating each said network account to at least one filtering scheme and at least one set of filtering elements」應是讓系爭專利可與傳統技術有所區隔的重要限制條件,因為ISP可以辨別個別帳戶,所以才能達到依個人客製化的過濾,而且還是在遠端ISP上執行,若沒有這個限制,僅是簡單交代各元件之間的連結關係,那'606專利應該還是會以無效收場。