CDR敘文第32條(CDD敘文第8條措辭相仿)指出,鑑於當時著作權法並未調和之情況,一方面針對共同體設計與著作權法確立累積保護原則(principle of cumulation of protection),另方面則允許成員國自由決定著作權之保護範圍與要件。故於CDR第96(2)條(CDD第17條措辭相仿)規定,受CDR保護之設計,於其創作或固著之日起亦得受成員國著作權法保護,惟其保護範圍及要件(包括所需之原創性程度)仍應交由各成員國決定。
根據影響評估報告[1],利害關係者大多不認為累積保護原則造成制度選擇困難,或是導致設計制度淪為虛設,反而認為各成員國保留的周旋餘地(margin of manoeuvre),亦即立法裁量著作權保護與否才是問題癥結。而歐盟法院(CJEU)於2007年Cofemel案判決指出[2],著作權指令(InfoSoc Directive, 2001/29/EC)所稱之「著作」(work)係屬歐盟法律之獨立概念,有必要統一解釋與適用;與此同時,各國立法亦不得單純以「在實用目的外,產生特定、具美學意義之視覺效果」作為賦予設計其著作權保護之要件,因為美學效果乃是涉及個人的內在主觀感受,不等於原創性。
Ricital 32, In the absence of the complete harmonisation of copyright law, it is important to establish the principle of cumulation of protection under the Community design and under copyright law, whilst leaving Member States free to establish the extent of copyright protection and the conditions under which such protection is conferred.
96(2), A design protected by a Community design shall also be eligible for protection under the law of copyright of Member States as from the date on which the design was created or fixed in any form. The extent to which, and the conditions under which, such a protection is conferred, including the level of originality required, shall be determined by each Member State.
Recital 33, Given the advanced harmonisation of copyright law in the Union, it is appropriate to adjust the principle of cumulation of protection under Regulation (EC) No 6/2002 and under copyright law by allowing designs protected by EU design rights to be protected as copyright works, provided that the requirements of Union copyright law are met.
96(2), A design protected as an EU design shall also be eligible for protection by copyright as from the date on which the design was created or fixed in any form, provided that the requirements of Union copyright law are met.
備註:
SWD(2022) 368 final, at 110-112.
Cofemel — Sociedade de Vestuário SA v G-Star Raw CV, C‑683/17, ECLI:EU:C:2019:721.