在本次提案,焦點從「實體」移往「虛擬」,明文規定特徵之移動、轉變或其他動畫型態得構成受保護的視覺外觀,尤其是未體現於實體對象(physical object)之設計[2]。因此,虛擬設計、動畫設計、電腦圖像(icons)與圖形化使用者介面(graphical user interfaces, GUI)等數位設計正式納入設計定義。
1. 成組物品 大多數利害關係者雖認為成組物品設計應受到保護,但對於徵詢時所提議之定義——係指「整體外觀和諧、預定併同使用且通常同時出售的一組實體對象」——卻多半不予贊同[6]:在占52%的反對者中,有認為不該限於實體對象,亦應包括GUI、Icons及虛擬對象(例如虛擬棋組、表情符號或象徵),惟此點草案第3(2)條已予以回應。有認為應以「產品」代替「對象」一詞,因為現行規定已明確定義前者,後者則非。另有認為「整體外觀和諧」含義不清或並無必要,也有認為不該要求同時符合「預定併同使用」與「通常同時出售」兩項條件。來自時尚產業的意見則指出,亦應涵蓋「物品系列」(series of articles),此類物品的設計相同,雖以不同尺寸、顏色出售,但具備相同要求與共通特徵(例如同一產品的變體)。
3(a), 'design' means the appearance of the whole or a part of a product resulting from the features of, in particular, the lines, contours, colours, shape, texture and/or materials of the product itself and/or its ornamentation.
3(b), 'product' means any industrial or handicraft item, including inter alia parts intended to be assembled into a complex product, packaging, get-up, graphic symbols and typographic typefaces, but excluding computer programs.
3(c), 'complex product' means a product which is composed of multiple components which can be replaced permitting disassembly and re-assembly of the product.
3(1), 'design' means the appearance of the whole or a part of a product resulting from the features, in particular, the lines, contours, colours, shape, texture, materials of the product itself and/or its decoration, including the movement, transition or any other sort of animation of those features;
3(2), 'product' means any industrial or handicraft item other than computer programs, regardless of whether it is embodied in a physical object or materialises in a digital form, including:
(a) packaging, sets of articles, get-up, spatial arrangement of items intended to form, in particular, an interior environment, and parts intended to be assembled into a complex product;
(b) graphic works or symbols, logos, surface patterns, typographic typefaces, and graphical user interfaces;
3(3) 'complex product' means a product that is composed of multiple components which can be replaced, permitting disassembly and reassembly of the product.
備註:
Green Paper on the Legal Protection of Industrial Design, III/F/5131191-EN, ¶ 5.4.3.
COM(2022) 666 final, Recital 9.
SWD(2022) 368 final, at 108.
SWD(2022) 368 final, at 63.
Green Paper on the Legal Protection of Industrial Design, III/F/5131191-EN, ¶ 5.4.14.1. David C. Musker, The Design Directive, 1.54-1.59, 1.72-1.74.